Receptor Subtypes

[ethacetin]

Hi, this may be the wrong place to be posting this, but i feel i'm more
likely to receive an intelligent answer here than in some other
communities i've seen...



...anyway, does anyone have a good source for information on serotonin subtypes?



Because once upon a time people asked how drugs work, and science told
us neurotransmitters and receptors. OK, well, then we found out
most trips work through the serotonin receptors. Fair
enough. Even more recent is the theory that all/most LSD-like
trips work their action through the 5-HT2A/2C receptor subtypes (based
on evidence that action at this subtype is shared by virtually every
chemical eliciting this shared response). So naturally i read
this and want to know everything there is to know about receptor
subtypes...but the only conclusion i've come to is that science doesn't
seem to know very much about them yet either.



Like i've read blurbs here and there that say stuff like that the 5-HT3
subtypes are somehow related to nausea but i don't even know if it went
into detail whether it was the agonists or antagonists which
prevented/caused the nausea



So yea, any information would be nice. How many different
subtypes have we located so far? What are the effects of firing
serotonin at these subtypes? Have we been able to map out the
chemical structures of these subtypes yet? Is there a good place
to find the affinities of various trips across all the subtypes?



If anyone can help it would be greatly appreciated,



Thanks,

ethacetin

[Alfa]

Great question. I'd definitively be interested in such a list.

[Hyperreal]

Serotonin/ 5-hydroxytryptamine has 12 (known) receptor subtypes: 1A, 1B, 1D, 1E, 1F, 2A, 2C, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.

[Hyperreal]

Like i've read blurbs here and there that say stuff like that the 5-HT3 subtypes are somehow related to nausea but i don't even know if it went into detail whether it was the agonists or antagonists which prevented/caused the nausea

5HT3 antagonists prevent nausea.

[nanobrain]

^^i have heard that there are now over 20 different serotonin receptor subtypes, although the topography is still not well defined.

but keep in mind, serotonergic transmission is just one of the many systems involved in action of the drugs.

[Alfa]

Let's start a list of all receptor subtypes for future reference. Or if someone can find this, that would be great.

[nanobrain]

ok, here's a try for serotonin, from 5-HT Receptors and their Ligands, Tocris Reviews, 2003. they say there are at least 14 members. they are also claiming recent identification of naturally occurring polymorphyc variants for the subtypes, which would increase this number significantly.

Edited by: nanobrain

[Hyperreal]

We'll need a complete list of neurotransmitters to begin with:


Phenethylamine
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine)
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine)
Muscarine
Epinephrine (adrenaline)
Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
Aspartate
Glutamate
Adenosine
GABA (gabba aminobutryic acid)
Oxytocin
Vasopressin
Anandamide
Glycine
Histamine


Are there any others?
Edited by: Hyperreal

[Isochrist]

Originally Posted by Hyperreal

:


Are there any others?

Opioid peptides perhaps?



While I was searching for nuerotransmitters I came across this link http://www.gpcr.org/7tm/multali/multali.html. It's a lil too much on the heavy side for me to digest, but I figured it might do someone on these boards some good.

[nanobrain]

grrr, the whole TA receptor revival trip has thrown a curve ball into the equation.

anxiolitic DMT, hheh.

article

[Zandorf]

Originally Posted by Hyperreal

We'll need a complete list of neurotransmitters to begin with:


Phenethylamine
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine)
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine)
Muscarine
Epinephrine (adrenaline)
Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
Aspartate
Glutamate
Adenosine
GABA (gabba aminobutryic acid)
Oxytocin
Vasopressin
Anandamide
Glycine
Histamine


Are there any others?

<table>
<t><tr><th>Neurotransmitter/Neuromodulator</th><th>Receptors </th></tr><tr><td>2-MeSATP</td><td>P2X receptors (transmitter-gated channels)</td></tr><tr><td>5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin)</td><td>5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>5a-Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)</td><td>Steroid hormone receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Acetylcholine</td><td>Acetylcholine receptors, muscarinic</td></tr><tr><td>Acetylcholine</td><td>Acetylcholine receptors, nicotinic</td></tr><tr><td>Adenosine</td><td>Adenosine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>adrenaline</td><td>Adrenoceptors , alpha</td></tr><tr><td>adrenaline</td><td>Adrenoceptors, beta</td></tr><tr><td>Angiotensin II (Ang II)</td><td>Angiotensin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Angiotensin III (Ang III)</td><td>Angiotensin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)</td><td>Atrial natriuretic peptide receptors</td></tr><tr><td>amylin</td><td>Calcitonin, amylin, CGRP and adrenomedullin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>adrenomedullin</td><td>Calcitonin, amylin, CGRP and adrenomedullin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH)</td><td>Melanocortin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>a-neo-dynorphin</td><td>Opioid and opioid-like receptors </td></tr><tr><td>ATP</td><td>P2Y receptors (G-protein-coupled) </td></tr><tr><td>ADP</td><td>P2Y receptors (G-protein-coupled) </td></tr><tr><td>Ap3A</td><td>P2Y receptors (G-protein-coupled) </td></tr><tr><td>Ap4A</td><td>P2Y receptors (G-protein-coupled) </td></tr><tr><td>Ap5A</td><td>P2Y receptors (G-protein-coupled) </td></tr><tr><td>aldosterone</td><td>Steroid hormone receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Arginine Vasopressin (VP)</td><td>Vasopressin and oxytocin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>alanine, beta</td><td>glycine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)</td><td>Atrial natriuretic peptide receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Bradykinin (BK)</td><td>Bradykinin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)</td><td>Neurotrophin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>b-endorphin</td><td>Opioid and opioid-like receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Calcitonin,</td><td>Calcitonin, amylin, CGRP and adrenomedullin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>CGRP</td><td>Calcitonin, amylin, CGRP and adrenomedullin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Cannabinoids</td><td>Cannabinoid receptors</td></tr><tr><td>CC Chemokines</td><td>Chemokine receptors, CC</td></tr><tr><td>CXC Chemokines</td><td>Chemokine receptors, CC</td></tr><tr><td>CX3C Chemokines</td><td>Chemokine receptors, CC</td></tr><tr><td>CC Chemokines</td><td>Chemokine receptors, CX3C</td></tr><tr><td>CXC Chemokines</td><td>Chemokine receptors, CX3C</td></tr><tr><td>CX3C Chemokines</td><td>Chemokine receptors, CX3C</td></tr><tr><td>C3a</td><td>Chemotactic peptide receptors</td></tr><tr><td>C5a</td><td>Chemotactic peptide receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Cholecystokinin-4 (CCK-4)</td><td>Cholecystokinin and gastrin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8)</td><td>Cholecystokinin and gastrin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Cholecystokinin-33 (CCK-33)</td><td>Cholecystokinin and gastrin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) aka CRH</td><td>Corticotropin-releasing factor rceptors </td></tr><tr><td>Corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH) aka CRF</td><td>Corticotropin-releasing factor rceptors</td></tr><tr><td>choriogonadotropin, chorionic gonadotropin, CG</td><td>Glycoprotein hormone receptors</td></tr><tr><td>cytosolic Ca</td><td>Ins(1,4,5)P3(IP3) receptors </td></tr><tr><td>cytosolic ATP.</td><td>Ins(1,4,5)P3(IP3) receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Cytosolic Ca</td><td>Ryanodine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>cytosolic ATP</td><td>Ryanodine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>CaM Kinase</td><td>Ryanodine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Caffeine: pharmacological activators</td><td>Ryanodine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>cortistatin (CST-14)</td><td>Somatostatin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>cortisol</td><td>Steroid hormone receptors</td></tr><tr><td>cortisosterone</td><td>Steroid hormone receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Carbon monoxide (CO) </td><td>CO receptors ?</td></tr><tr><td>Dopamine</td><td>Dopamine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>dynorphin A (dyn A)</td><td>Opioid and opioid-like receptors </td></tr><tr><td>dynorphin B (dyn B)</td><td>Opioid and opioid-like receptors </td></tr><tr><td>epinephrine</td><td>Adrenoceptors , alpha</td></tr><tr><td>epinephrine</td><td>Adrenoceptors ,beta</td></tr><tr><td>Endothelin-1 (ET-1)</td><td>Endothelin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Endothelin-2 (ET-2)</td><td>Endothelin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Endothelin-3 (ET-3)</td><td>Endothelin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>enkephalin (leu)</td><td>Opioid and opioid-like receptors</td></tr><tr><td>enkephalin (met)</td><td>Opioid and opioid-like receptors</td></tr><tr><td>follitropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH</td><td>Glycoprotein hormone receptors</td></tr><tr><td>fatty acids .</td><td>Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP)</td><td>Bombesin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>gastrin</td><td>Cholecystokinin and gastrin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>GABA</td><td>GABA receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Galanin and galanin-like peptides (GALP)</td><td>Galanin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Glutamate</td><td>Glutamate receptors, Ionotropic</td></tr><tr><td>Glutamate</td><td>Glutamate receptors, Metabotropic</td></tr><tr><td>Glycoprotein hormones: FSH, LH,CG,TSH</td><td>Glycoprotein hormone receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Glycine</td><td>Glycine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF)</td><td>Vasoactive intentinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Histamine</td><td>Histamine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>hypolipidaemic drugs</td><td>Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Ins(1,4,5)P3(IP3)</td><td>Ins(1,4,5)P3(IP3) receptors </td></tr><tr><td>L-aspartate</td><td>Glutamate receptors, Metabotropic</td></tr><tr><td>Lutriopin, Luteinizing hormone, LH</td><td>Glycoprotein hormone receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Leukotriene (LT) B4</td><td>Leukotriene receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Leukotriene (LT) LTC4</td><td>Leukotriene receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Leukotriene (LT) LTD4</td><td>Leukotriene receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Leukotriene (LT) LTE4</td><td>Leukotriene receptors</td></tr><tr><td>lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)</td><td>Lysophospholipid receptors</td></tr><tr><td>luminal Ca</td><td>Ryanodine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Melanocortin (MSH)</td><td>Melanocortin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Melatonin (MLT)</td><td>Melatonin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>neuromedin B (NMB)</td><td>Bombesin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>N-acetylserotonin</td><td>Melatonin receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Neuropeptide Y (NPY)</td><td>Neuropeptide Y receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Neurotensin</td><td>Neurotensin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Neurotrophin (NT)</td><td>Neurotrophin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Nerve growth factor (NGF)</td><td>Neurotrophin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>neurokinin A (NKA)</td><td>Tachykinin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>neurokinin B</td><td>Tachykinin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>neuropeptide K</td><td>Tachykinin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>neuropeptide g</td><td>Tachykinin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Nitric oxide (NO) </td><td>NO receptors (sGC, soluble guanylate cyclase?)</td></tr><tr><td>oxytocin (OT)</td><td>Vasopressin and oxytocin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>pancreatic polypeptide (PP)</td><td>Neuropeptide Y receptors</td></tr><tr><td>peptide YY (PYY)</td><td>Neuropeptide Y receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Peroxisome proliferator : e.g. hypolipidaemic drugs, fatty acids . </td><td>Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Prostaglandin (PG)</td><td>Prostanoid receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Prostaglandin (PG) D</td><td>Prostanoid receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Prostaglandin (PG) E</td><td>Prostanoid receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Prostaglandin (PG) F</td><td>Prostanoid receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Prostaglandin (PG) H</td><td>Prostanoid receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Prostacyclin</td><td>Prostanoid receptors </td></tr><tr><td>PKA</td><td>Ryanodine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP)</td><td>Vasoactive intentinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide receptors</td></tr><tr><td>peptide histidine isoleucineamide (PHI),</td><td>Vasoactive intentinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide receptors</td></tr><tr><td>peptide histidine methionineamide (PHM),</td><td>Vasoactive intentinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide receptors</td></tr><tr><td>peptide histidine valine</td><td>Vasoactive intentinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Ryanodine: pharmacological activators</td><td>Ryanodine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>serotonin (5-HT)</td><td>5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1P)</td><td>Lysophospholipid receptors</td></tr><tr><td>sphingosylphosphorylcholine(SPC)</td><td>Lysophospholipid receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Suramin: pharmacological activators</td><td>Ryanodine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Somatostatin-14 (SRIF-14)</td><td>Somatostatin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Somatostatin-28 ( SRIF-28)</td><td>Somatostatin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>Steroid hormones: 5a-Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) aldosterone cortisol cortisosterone testosterone</td><td>Steroid hormone receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Substance P (SP)</td><td>Tachykinin receptors </td></tr><tr><td>type C-natriuretic peptide (CNP)</td><td>Atrial natriuretic peptide receptors</td></tr><tr><td>thyrotropin, thyroid-stimulation hormone, TSH</td><td>Glycoprotein hormone receptors</td></tr><tr><td>thromboxane A2</td><td>Prostanoid receptors </td></tr><tr><td>thrombin</td><td>Protease-activated receptors</td></tr><tr><td>testosterone</td><td>Steroid hormone receptors</td></tr><tr><td>Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) </td><td>Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptors </td></tr><tr><td>taurine</td><td>glycine receptors</td></tr><tr><td>urocortin</td><td>Corticotropin-releasing factor rceptors</td></tr><tr><td>UTP</td><td>P2Y receptors (G-protein-coupled) </td></tr><tr><td>UDP</td><td>P2Y receptors (G-protein-coupled) </td></tr><tr><td>Vasoactive intentinal peptide (VIP)</td><td>Vasoactive intentinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide receptors</td></tr></t>
</table>



and orexin i think?

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Edited by: Zandorf