Hello, The area I live in has an abundance of these species. I have compiled this post in hopes that I will help someone else identify this species.
The species at hand is the Copelandia cyanescens, also known as Panaeolus cyanescens - more commonly known as the "Hawaiian" mushroom. Other names it goes by include "copes," or "blue meanines."
Location: They can be most commonly found in weather between 65 and 85 degrees farenheit, 24 to 48 hours after a moderate rain. The underground root system (known as the mycellium) grows in 6 to 12 weeks, though it may take longer depending on the conditions. It is germinated from the airborne spores in 1 to 2 month old cow pies, and looks much like a webbed mold of some type. The mycellium thrives in a wet but well drained area, as immature mycellium can be damaged by too much water. Note that for maximum shroom output, the mycellium needs an ample ammount of water. When ready, it shoots up the shroom in a period of less than 24 hours to full growth. 1 to 40 shrooms may grow from one cow pie, assuming weather conditions are right and the pie is not in direct sunlight.
Potency: They are considered "moderately potent," and according to my research, "their psychoactivity towers 2-to-3 times over that of the Psilocybe cubensis." Some even say this puts them in the running for one of the "most potent psychoactive mushroom species in the world" - However, I disagree. In terms of dosage, a [beginner's dose may average 5g wet, 0.5g dry], a [moderate dose 10g wet, 0.9g dry], and a [heavy dose 15-20g wet, 1.4-1.8g dry].
Identification: The caps are light brown/tan when first grown, and they become almost completely white as they age, often with a brownish orange center. Sun may crack the caps, and they clearly stain blue within 10 minutes of being bruised. The gills underneath are grayish to black, when fully mature. The stems are pale yellow on average, becoming light brown/tan near the base of the stem. They bruise blue as well, and they are speckled with small white/gray flecks. Note that the spore print is jet black. Rough handling will cause them to turn black, always remember to be as gentle as possible.
Notes: I read that the immature shrooms are just as potent (in terms of Psilocybin content) as the fully mature shrooms. I also read that a hard rain during a hot spell of weather will not produce shrooms, the ground must be thouroughly saturated. Direct sunlight causes the shrooms to shrivel up and the water percentage to drop - additionally, cool air promotes Psilocybin production, and hot air squelches it. Hawaiian mushrooms are poisonous to a degree, they possess 8 alkaloids, two of which are Psilocybin and Psylocin. The other 6 are largely the cause of nausea which can occur during the breakdown of chemicals in the early stages of digestion.
Pictures: Here are several helpful pictures I came across in my searches.
(Above) Here is a picture of the mushroom in its early stages of growth. Note how the caps are white, not yet cracked from the sun, and there is no evidence of bruising.
(Above) Note the white flecks on the stems, and how they get slightly darker brown near the base of them. Additionally, note the presence of mold on the cap not directly exposed to the sun on the far right.
(Above) This picture depicts various stages of development, and a great example of the blue bruising effects. Also notice the variation in size between the larger and smaller caps. (0.5" ~ 2.5")
Fakes: There are several species which look very similar to the Panaeolus cyanescens - most notably the Panaeolus sphintrinus. In the picture below, note the toothy edge around the perimeter of the cap, and how the stem appears slightly darker with a reddish tinge. These are NOT psychoactive, and DO NOT bruise blue.
(Below) is another picture of the Panaeolus sphintrinus. Note the prescense of a "ring" of color division around the cap, unseen in the Panaeolus cyanescens.
(Below) The second noteworthy "fake" is the Panaeolus campanulatus. The easiest way to identify "fakes" or the real thing, is to inspect the shroom for blue bruising. Needless to say, these do not bruise blue.
(Below) Here is a second pic of the Panaeolus campanulatus. Note the flecked color patterns in the cap, as compared to the consistent color shift of the original Panaeolus cyanescens.
I hope this information has helped someone. All situations hypothetical, all persons fictional, all references to actual places are purely coincidental. This document was created soley for educational purposes. Used under the GNU Free Documentation License, taken without copyright protection from AOL personal member page of anonymous user with no provided contact information. If you would like to add anything to the above compilation, please tell me and I will do my best. I also want to get more info up about related issues -- bear with me.
Last edited by Alfa; 02-08-2009 at 18:57.
Reason: removed dead links