Effects of most common cannabinoids present in cannabis

[Alfa]

Thepharmacological,Physiological & Psychological effect of the most active and most commoncannabinoids.
Following scientific data and data from our laboratory:

(-)-trans –1(delta)- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the major psycho pharmacologically active component of Cannabis, followed by Cannabidiol (CBD) which exhibits an antagonistic effect on THC1 and acts physiologically as a (smooth) muscle relaxator. CBD exhibit strong anticonvulsant activity for 3 from the 4 major types of epilepsy. CBN and CBC shows even to have many therapeutic effects.

THC: -9 Tetrahydrocannabinol, is responsible for the analgesic and psychotropic effect of marihuana. It sharpens the mind, it makes the skin more tender (effects the vanilloid pain receptors), It ‘’uppers’’ all sensory functions as sight, hearing, color sensitivity and increases, as no other drug! the sexual arousement by men and women on (all) three aspects. Cannabis affects cognition and memory, euphoria, sedation and pain (analgesic/antinociception). It ihibits vomiting at the 5-HT3A receptor level.
Effects: pain relief (analgesic effects, muscle relaxing, anti-epileptic, anti-emetic, anti-inflammatory, appetite stimulating, bronchio- dilating, hypotensive, anti-depressant.

THC: -8 Tetrahydrocanabinol, is 25 % less potent as -9 THC.

CBN: Cannabinol is a breakdown product of THC, during storage (aging) CBN will slowly increase, while the THC spot will decrease (in a stoichiometric manner). It will appear as a violet colored spot right under yellow CBD. Oxygen is the most important factor
Effects: mild psychoactive; sedative, analgesic; 3 times more than aspirin. CBN is a non narcotic type analgesic like aspirin.

THV: Resembles THC in all effects it provokes. The effects are of lower strength due to a shorter carbon side chain of 3 carbon (propyl side chain) atoms instead of 5 carbon atoms (pentyl side chain) in THC.
Effects: See THC. All panels favorite cannabis varieties contains always THV! (reinforce the effect of THV? By penetrating more into the CB receptors?)

CBG: Cannabigerol is the first cannabinoid produced in the plant. It is the biogenetic precursor of all the other cannabinoids. It is produced mainly in brench and stem like structures of the plant. CBG is not excreted in the oil drop (resin) on the (stalked) glandular trichome (see fig 1). CBG displays on tlc-plate a bright yellow spot right above the wine red THC spot. It will induce drowsiness and it makes ( in a dosage related manner) one sleepy. The fingerprint will show large quantities of CBG in hashish! and a lot of more cannabinoids compared to marihuana varieties. Some exceptions to the role, some varieties also
Effects: Sedative effects and antimicrobial properties, lowering intra-ocular pression.

CBD: Cannabidiol is formed from cannabigerol, it will appear as a bright yellow spot on the tlc-plate of your kit, always between THC an CBN. Cannabielson (cannabielsoin) is a breakdown product of CBD and will even so appear as violet-red colored small spots with lower Rf-values than its precursor CBD.
Effects: CBD is an THC antagonist, that means it reduce (-lessens) the psychoactive effect of THC. CBD balancing of THC’s psychoactive effect may be one reason many patients prefer marihuana to Marinol®. CBD act like THC as an neuroprotective antioxidant.
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It has recently been demonstrated that CBD also stimulates vanilloid VR1 pain receptors, inhibits uptake of the anandamide, and weakly inhibits its breakdown. These new findings have important implications in elucidating the pain-relieving, anti-inflammatory, and immunodulatory effects of CBD. CBD reduces muscle spasm.and is sedative.

CBC: Cannabichromene always present in all samples tests. For instance, on our laboratory on the International Highlife Hemp-fair Utrecht (The Netherlands) no sample is found without a CBC spot. The purple colored CBC spot will appear on top of the plate (no active groups on the molecule and for this reason the most soluble one in the developing fluid.).
Effects: promotes the effect of THC and has sedative and analgesic effects.

To explore the so many therapeutic Fingerprint- Effect relationships of well defined different chemotypes1 with defined cannabinoid ratios, for many different patient-groups, its imperative to pertain & sustain the existing varieties and explore their genetic potential.

Goal: Today stat-off-the-art sophisticated cultivation processes are available to ensure harvesting high quality plant material highly consistent in their well defined cannabinoid ratios. (less than 3.5% S.D.)

Therefore: All the different effects of the fingerprint-effect relationships due to the presents off the individual cannabinoids (and their complicated and not jet understood, combinatorial interactions), originally present in a range of well defined varieties or chemotypes must be documented first before a pharmaceutical company will develop a cannabinoid-based medicine.

1 varieties characterized by their chemical content. In our case this will be the cannabinoids (cannabinols)In 1992, scientists discovered that the human brain is flooded with naturally-occurring cannabinoids, which they called ‘’anandamide’’ from the Sanskrit word ‘’ananda’’ meaning ‘’internal bliss’’ Latching on receptor sites all over the brain, anandamide play key roles in keeping us healthy, happy, and free of pain. Because of the fact that THC and other cannabinoids has only affinity to the anandamide receptor sites on cells, cannabinoids will therefore induce the same physiological responses as anandamides do. While cannabinoids are common in human and animal nervous and immune systems, marijuana is the only plant known to contain them. A second endo-cannabinoid has been recently discovered and isolated. The compound that latches on this receptor (CB2) is 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG).

CB1 receptors are the predominant brain cannabinoid receptor, located in various parts of neurons in the brain; testis; endothelial cells; and ileum longitudinal smooth muscles1.

CB2 receptors are found peripheral in gut epithelia , in many immune cell subsets such as macrophages1 (very important in our immune system, macrophages excrete bradykine, a small protein that signal a SOS-response, through the blood stream to the brain and tells it to ‘’realize’’ ‘’pain’’. Macrophages excrete also many immuno modulators). CB2 receptors are also found on the cells of monocytes in the spleen and are also found on the surface of leukocytes. All these cells are part of our immune or defense system and are mediators in killing bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and cancer-cells in our body; it keeps us healthy. T and B lymphocytes, NK-cells (neutral killer cells) and granulocytes, key members of our immune system, display high CB2- receptor densities on their cell surface.. Receptors are even found on dopamine regulated neurons (sensing pleasure).This is the reason why a sense of ‘’well being’’, mainly induced by THC (–and anandamide), will overcome someone who’s using a Cannabis drug variety high in THC.

Cannabinoids are immuno- modulators!

Because of the complex working behavior of the cannabinoids, many more receptors might be expected to be found.
The cannabinoids of Cannabis and the endo-cannabinoids (anandamide & 2 AG) shows both the same affinity to the CB1 and CB2 receptors. The ‘’principle of proof’’ whether cannabinoids can be beneficial for many ailments, will now be evident. Also evident now is why marijuana works like an anandamide. A simple deduction can be made: The body will recognize the cannabinoids as ‘’self’’, synthetic drugs with no natural receptors, will not be recognized by the body as ‘’non self’’. Self means ‘’natural’’ therefore no side effects and no addictive reactions can be expected. Non-self means for the body cells; ‘’’get rid of this compound, break it down and shuffle it out. For further readings and information (not quoted in the readings above) see the key publication about this subject:

1- ‘’Differential Roles of CB1 and CB2 Cannabinoid Receptors in Mast Cells’’ The journal of Immunology, 2003, 170: 4953- 4962. + references herein.
2- ‘’ A molecular basis of the therapeutic and psychoactive properties of cannabis (9-tetrahydrocannabinol)’’ progress in Neuropharmacology & Biological Psychiatry26 (2002) 721-730. + references.
3- ‘’Marijuana and medicine’’. www.rism.org/isg/dlp/ganja/analyses/ ‘’sites of action’’
This text was taken from www.bionova.nl

Reputation Comments on this post:

Thanks man, I'm really intrested in the different cannabinoids and the interactions they have, I've been trying to find ...

[old hippie 56]

Thanks Alfa, I been looking for this type of info for months.

[thegod1]

Yeah good information.

[moecat]

post deleted upon request

[moecat]

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[moecat]

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[searcher]

the most common effects for swim are red eyes and a craving for junk food. Edited by: searcher

[Alfa]

I think this should be incorporated in the cannabis wiki. Does anyone have additional information about the cannabinoids that are present in cannabis?

[cannabis-sam]

Well Alfa, I'm trawling google at this moment trrying to find more information about cannabinoids, according to wikipedia there are around 65 cannabinoids present but i still can't find a list of all of them.


From Wikipedia regarding THV

It has been shown to be a CB1 antagonist, i.e. blocks the effects of THC.[3] In 2007 GW Pharmaceuticals announced that THCV is safe in humans in a clinical trial and it will continue to develop THCV as a potential cannabinoid treatment for type 2 diabetes and related metabolic disorders, similar to the CB1-antagonist rimonabant.[4]

cannabis-sam added 1 Minutes and 35 Seconds later...

Although i guess alot of these cannabinoids are non psychoactive, so not of intrest?

[Joe-(5-HTP)]

Originally Posted by Alfa

CBD[/B]: Cannabidiol is formed from cannabigerol, it will appear as a bright yellow spot on the tlc-plate of your kit, always between THC an CBN. Cannabielson (cannabielsoin) is a breakdown product of CBD and will even so appear as violet-red colored small spots with lower Rf-values than its precursor CBD.
Effects: CBD is an THC antagonist, that means it reduce (-lessens) the psychoactive effect of THC. CBD balancing of THC’s psychoactive effect may be one reason many patients prefer marihuana to Marinol®. CBD act like THC as an neuroprotective antioxidant.
18
It has recently been demonstrated that CBD also stimulates vanilloid VR1 pain receptors, inhibits uptake of the anandamide, and weakly inhibits its breakdown. These new findings have important implications in elucidating the pain-relieving, anti-inflammatory, and immunodulatory effects of CBD. CBD reduces muscle spasm.and is sedative.

I have heard CBD referred to as an "anti-psychotic" which balances the effect of THC but according to this info all it does is "lessens the effect of the THC meaning it doesn't have an "independent" "anti-psychotic" effect, it just makes the THC work less well. So that means that smoking a lot of Cannabis which contains THC and CBD is no worse than smoking a smaller amount of high THC content no CBD content "skunk" or whatever you like to call it. Is that reasoning correct?

[cannabis-sam]

I have heard CBD referred to as an "anti-psychotic" which balances the effect of THC but according to this info all it does is "lessens the effect of the THC meaning it doesn't have an "independent" "anti-psychotic" effect, it just makes the THC work less well. So that means that smoking a lot of Cannabis which contains THC and CBD is no worse than smoking a smaller amount of high THC content no CBD content "skunk" or whatever you like to call it. Is that reasoning correct?

No, it does show to have an anti-psychotic effect regardless of wheather it lessens the effects of THC, if THC were to cause psychotic symptoms regardless of wheather CBD made the cannabis seem weaker, risk of psychotic illness through THC or other psychoactive cannabinoids would still be higher if the cannabis had very low levels of CBD.

The anti psychotic effects seem to be independant of THC and will have the same thereaputic effect on other non cannabis related mental illnesses.