Motives, diversion and routes of administration associated with nonmedical use of prescription opioids (2007)

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Description:
Addict Behav. 2007 March ; 32(3): 562–575

Sean Esteban McCabea, James A. Cranforda, Carol J. Boyd and Christian J. Tetera

Abstract

Objectives—

The main objectives of this study were to assess the motives, diversion sources and
routes of administration associated with the nonmedical use of prescription opioids as well as to
examine substance use related problems associated with the nonmedical use of prescription opioids.

Method—

A self-administered, cross-sectional Web survey was conducted in 2005 at a large public
Midwestern 4-year university in the U.S. using a probability-based sampling approach. The final
sample included 4580 full-time undergraduate students.

Results—

The three most common motives associated with the nonmedical use of prescription
opioids were to relieve pain, get high, and experiment. The leading sources of prescription opioids were friends and parents although there were gender differences in reports of primary sources. More than 1 in every 10 nonmedical users reported intranasal administration. Multivariate analyses
indicated nonmedical users of prescription opioids who used for motives other than to relieve pain,
obtained these drugs from non-parental sources, or used these drugs via non-oral routes of
administration were significantly more likely to experience substance use related problems.

Conclusions—

These results indicate that nonmedical use of prescription opioids represents a
considerable problem for particular subgroups of college students. While additional research is
needed, the present study offers important new directions for policy and research regarding

prescription opioid misuse.


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