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Downers Documents

Documents about Benzodiazepines, Downers, Sleeping Pills, Z-drugs and Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

New entries announced in forum Downers and sleeping pills

Allowances: 4.88 Mbytes/1.64 Mbytes used

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Benzodiazepines Documents [221 entries]

Z-Drugs Documents [49 entries]

Page 1 of 3

Entries

A method for screening for various sedative-hypnotics in serum by liquid chromatography/single quadrupole mass spectrometry (2006)

Left click: open entry/Right click: save entry

Forensic Science International 2006 Feb 10;157(1):57-70

Miyaguchi H, Kuwayama K, Tsujikawa K, Kanamori T, Iwata YT, Inoue H, Kishi T.

A screening method for the detection of sedative-hypnotics in serum is described. The target drugs, which include practically all the sedative-hypnotics...

See also Drug Testing Documents

Submitted by Metomni

22-10-2008
376.99 Kbytes Hits 28

A SYNERGISTIC COMBINATION: GABAPENTIN AND PREGABALIN - European Patent EP1196160

An approved patent application for combining pregabalin and gabapentin. Contains useful information on the relationship between pregabalin and gabapentin, as well as other information such as viable methods of administration for both drugs.

Submitted by honourableone

06-09-2009
398.17 Kbytes Hits 26
Keywords: gabapentin pregabalin

Abstinence symptoms after withdrawal from tranquillising drugs; is there a common neurochemical mechanism?

Cowen PJ & Nutt DJ. (1982). Abstinence symptoms after withdrawal from tranquillising drugs; is there a common neurochemical mechanism? Lancet, 2: 360-2.

Abstract: Withdrawal of anxiolytic agents such as ethanol, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines may result in a syndrome characterised in its most...

See also Downers Addiction Documents Pharmacology Documents

Submitted by Bajeda

30-06-2009
479.98 Kbytes Hits 12
Keywords: withdrawal ethanol barbituates gaba benzodiazepines alcohol

Abuse and dependence liability of benzodiazepine-type drugs: GABA(A) receptor modulation and beyond (2008)

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behaviour 2008 Jul;90(1):74-89

Licata SC, Rowlett JK.

Over the past several decades, benzodiazepines and the newer non-benzodiazepines have become the anxiolytic/hypnotics of choice over the more readily abused barbiturates. While all drugs from this class act...

See also Downers Addiction Documents

Submitted by Jatelka

10-11-2008
506.62 Kbytes Hits 38

Acute and Chronic Effects of Ramelteon (Rozerem) in Rhesus Monkeys: Dependence Liability studies (2006)

Behav Neurosci. 2006 Jun;120(3):535-41

France CP, Weltman RH, Koek W, Cruz CM, McMahon LR

The acute and chronic effects of ramelteon, an MT-sub-1/MT-sub-2 receptor agonist, were evaluated in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to assess discriminative stimulus effects in comparison with...

Submitted by Jatelka

28-06-2006
106.16 Kbytes Hits 65
Keywords: melatonin ramelteon dependence

Acute delirium in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with pregabalin

Pregabalin (PGB, Lyrica) is an isomer of gama-aminobutyric acid that is approved as an adjunctive therapy for adult patients with partial seizure. Animal model showed that PGB selectively binds to the alpha2-beta protein of the voltage-gated calcium channels in various central nervous system (CNS)...

Submitted by staples

31-08-2009
90.49 Kbytes Hits 23
Keywords: pregabalin lyrica

Acute Toxicity With Lethal Dose of Methaqualone and Diphenhydramine Combination (Mandrax) in Human (1990)

Indian J Pharmac (1990), 22 165-167

Arya, Singh, Kulshreshtha and Arora

Case Report

Discussion Thread

Submitted by Jatelka

16-06-2007
43.66 Kbytes Hits 79
Keywords: toxicity quaaludes methaqualone

ALEPH-2, a suspected anxiolytic and putative hallucinogenic phenylisopropylamine derivative, is a 5-HT 2a and 5-HT 2c receptor agonist (2000)

Life Sciences 67 (2000) 3241–3247

Claudio Acuña-Castillo, Cecilia Scorza, Miguel Reyes-Parada, Bruce K. Cassels, J. Pablo Huidobro-Toro

To assess the pharmacodynamic profile of ALEPH-2, a phenylisopropylamine derivative with alleged anxiolytic and hallucinogenic properties, Xenopus laevis...

See also Phenethylamines Documents

Submitted by ThirdEyeFloond

18-01-2008
86.27 Kbytes Hits 71
Keywords: aleph-2

An effect-size analysis of pharmacologic treatments for generalized anxiety disorder (2007)

J Psychopharmacol. 2007 Nov;21(8):864-72

Hidalgo RB, Tupler LA, Davidson JR.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent and impairing disorder, associated with extensive psychiatric and medical comorbidity and usually characterized by a chronic course. Different drugs have been...

Submitted by Jatelka

27-01-2008
199.72 Kbytes Hits 49
Keywords: anxiety gad

Anxiolytic-like Effects of 4-Phenyl-2-trichloromethyl-3H-1,5-benzodiazepine Hydrogen Sulphate (PTMB) in Mice (2000)

Braz J Med Biol Res. 2000 Sep;33(9):1069-73

Rubin MA, Albach CA, Berlese DB, Bonacorso HG, Bittencourt SR, Queiroz CM, Maixner AE, Mello CF.

The pharmacological effects of 4-phenyl-2-trichloromethyl-3H-1, 5-benzodiazepine hydrogen sulfate (PTMB), a novel synthetic benzodiazepine, were...

Submitted by Jatelka

10-05-2007
33.58 Kbytes Hits 61
Keywords: benzodiazepines

Barbiturate Pharmacology (DeRuiter)

From Principles of Drug Action 2

Submitted by Jatelka

01-12-2006
89.08 Kbytes Hits 294
Keywords: pharmacology barbiturate

Barbiturate tolerance: effects on GABA-operated chloride channel function

Allan AM, Zhang X, & Baier LD. (1992). Barbiturate tolerance: effects on GABA-operated chloride channel function. Brain Research, 588(2):255-60.

Abstract: Male ICR mice were fed powdered laboratory chow containing phenobarbital for 7 days to induce tolerance. Mice were sacrificed and brains...

See also Pharmacology Documents

Submitted by Bajeda

30-06-2009
753.40 Kbytes Hits 7
Keywords: tolerance ethanol benzodiazepines phenobarbital cross-tolerance alcohol

Barbiturate-Like Actions of the Propanediol Dicarbamates Felbamate and Meprobamate (1996)

J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Mar;280(3):1383-91

Rho JM, Donevan SD, Rogawski MA.

Felbamate and meprobamate are structurally related propanediol dicarbamates that possess distinct pharmacological profiles. Felbamate is a minimally sedative, broad-spectrum anticonvulsant, whereas meprobamate is...

Submitted by Jatelka

12-01-2007
326.43 Kbytes Hits 37
Keywords: barbiturate meprobamate

Basic Mechanisms of Sedative Hyponotics

Chapter from Neuropsychopharmacology: The Fifth Generation of Progress. A Brief history of the discovery of these compounds, also looks at GABA receptors and the effects of theese drugs on various areas of the brain.

Submitted by Jatelka

01-08-2006
87.50 Kbytes Hits 67
Keywords: pharmacology gaba hypnotics

Bodyweight gain under pregabalin therapy in epilepsy: mitigation by counseling patients?

Objective:
To evaluate bodyweight gain during pregabalin therapy for epilepsy and the utility of a short counseling program to prevent this side effect.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trial on the effects of extended versus standard patient counseling on the risk of bodyweight gain with 3- and...

Submitted by staples

31-08-2009
187.15 Kbytes Hits 19
Keywords: lyrica pregabalin

Buspirone Data Sheet

Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Indications for use, Overview of research

Submitted by Jatelka

18-11-2006
274.58 Kbytes Hits 38
Keywords: pharmacokinetics pharmacology buspirone

Carisoprodol (Soma) Package Insert

Discussion Thread

Submitted by Jatelka

04-07-2007
42.78 Kbytes Hits 100
Keywords: carisoprodol

Carisoprodol Abuse In Texas 1998-2003 (2006)

J Med Toxicol. 2006 Mar;2(1):8-13

Forrester MB.

INTRODUCTION: Texas poison centers identified carisoprodol as a skeletal muscle relaxant that is subject to abuse, and this investigation explores the abuse reported by Texas poison centers. METHODS: This study used data from six Texas...

Submitted by Jatelka

04-07-2007
60.88 Kbytes Hits 44
Keywords: carisoprodol epidemiology abuse

Carisoprodol use and abuse in Norway: a pharmacoepidemiological study

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2007 Aug;64(2):210-8

Bramness JG, Furu K, Engeland A, Skurtveit S.

AIM: Carisoprodol was developed to create a drug with less potential for abuse than meprobamate. However, case reports have established carisoprodol as a drug of abuse. This paper...

See also By Country/Region Documents

Submitted by Jatelka

06-04-2009
213.48 Kbytes Hits 25

Carisoprodol: A Marginally Effective Skeletal Muscle Relaxant With Serious Abuse Potential (2003)

Hospital Pharmacy 38; 4, 337-345

Boothby LA, Doering PL, Hatton RC

Submitted by Jatelka

11-01-2007
50.81 Kbytes Hits 143
Keywords: carisoprodol

Carisoprodol: Effects on Human Performance and Behaviour (2003)

Forensic Science Review Vol 15, Number 1, January 2003

Robertson MD and Marietti LJ

Submitted by Jatelka

12-01-2007
40.62 Kbytes Hits 47
Keywords: carisoprodol

Characterisation of the Interaction of Indiplon, a Novel Pyrazolopyrimidine Sedative-Hypnotic, with the GABAa Receptor (2004)

J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Nov;311(2):537-46.

Sullivan SK, Petroski RE, Verge G, Gross RS, Foster AC, Grigoriadis DE.

Clinically used benzodiazepine and nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic agents for the treatment of insomnia produce their therapeutic effects through allosteric enhancement...

Submitted by Jatelka

12-11-2006
195.91 Kbytes Hits 29
Keywords: indiplon gaba

Chloral Hydrate Data Sheet

Submitted by Jatelka

13-11-2006
27.14 Kbytes Hits 74

Combined Cannabis/Methaqualone withdrawal treated with psychotropic analgesic nitrous oxide.

This article reports the first single-blind study using psychotropic analgesic nitrous oxide (PAN) for treating acute withdrawal states following the abuse of methaqualone combined and smoked with cannabis. Smoked methaqualone combined with cannabis is called "white pipe" (WP). South Africa is the...

See also Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Documents Downers Addiction Documents

Submitted by robin_himself

29-10-2008
71.68 Kbytes Hits 20

Comparative cue generalization profiles of L-838, 417, SL651498, zolpidem, CL218,872, ocinaplon, bretazenil, zopiclone, and various benzodiazepines in chlordiazepoxide and zolpidem drug discrimination (2006)

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2006 Mar;316(3):1291-9

Mirza NR, Rodgers RJ, Mathiasen LS.

The zolpidem discriminative cue is mediated by GABA(A)-alpha1 receptors, whereas the chlordiazepoxide cue may be mediated via non-alpha1 GABA(A) receptors because compounds with...

Submitted by Jatelka

29-10-2008
387.02 Kbytes Hits 16

Comparative Kinetics and Response to the Benzodiazepine Agonists Triazolam and Zolpidem: Evaluation of Sex-Dependent Differences (2000)

J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 May;293(2):435-43

Greenblatt DJ, Harmatz JS, von Moltke LL, Wright CE, Durol AL, Harrel-Joseph LM, Shader RI.

Eighteen healthy volunteers (10 men and 8 women) participated in a single-dose, double-blind, three-way crossover pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic...

Submitted by Jatelka

08-07-2007
148.81 Kbytes Hits 35
Keywords: triazolam zolpidem pharmacokinetics pharmacology

Comparative Tolerability, Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of a Metabolite of a Quinilizonone Hypnotic and Zolpidem in Healthy Subjects (2000)

Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1411-6

Dingemanse J, Bury M, Hussain Y, van Giersbergen P.

The objectives of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study were to assess the single dose tolerability, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of Ro 41-3290 (5, 10, and 30 mg) and zolpidem (10...

Submitted by Jatelka

15-05-2007
100.43 Kbytes Hits 36
Keywords: pharmacokinetics pharmacology zolpidem

Cyclobenzaprine HCL Packet Data Sheet

Includes a brief overview of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Research done, Indications and Usage etc etc

Discussion Thread

Submitted by Jatelka

21-06-2007
229.88 Kbytes Hits 37
Keywords: cyclobenzaprine flexeril

Cytochrome P450 3A-Mediated Metabolism of Buspirone in Human Liver Microsomes (2005)

Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Apr;33(4):500-7.

Zhu M, Zhao W, Jimenez H, Zhang D, Yeola S, Dai R, Vachharajani N, Mitroka J

This study was carried out to determine the metabolic pathways of buspirone and cytochrome P450 (P450) isoform(s) responsible for buspirone metabolism in human liver...

Submitted by Jatelka

09-06-2007
281.11 Kbytes Hits 43
Keywords: metabolism buspirone cytochrome

Daytime wakefulness following a bedtime oral dose of zolpidem 20 mg, flunitrazepam 2 mg and placebo (1990)

Bensimon G, Foret J, Warot D, et al. British journal of clinical pharmacology 1990;30(3):463.

Abstract
1 The effects of zolpidem 20 mg, flunitrazepam 2 mg and placebo, administered at bed time, were studied in 12 healthy young male volunteers.

2 The assessments included, at awakening,...

See also Benzodiazepines Documents Z-Drugs Documents

Submitted by staples

02-09-2009
975.11 Kbytes Hits 1

Design, synthesis, and preliminary evaluation of gabapentin-pregabalin mutual prodrugs in relieving neuropathic pain.

Shi W, Liu H, Zhang Y, Zhong B, Yang H.
Arch Pharm (Weinheim). 2005 Aug;338(8):358-64.

As a part of a program for the development of specific analgesics in relieving neuropathic pain, the purpose of the present study was to investigate a new concept that involves the conjugation of two drugs,...

Submitted by Paracelsus

01-09-2009
100.98 Kbytes Hits 2

Distinct Actions of Alcohols, Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines on GABA-Activated Chloride Channels

HARRIS, R. A. ALCOHOL 7(3) 273-275, 1990.--

Similarities and differences in the actions of alcohols, barbiturates and benzodiazepines on GABA-activated
chloride channels are reviewed. This question has been approached using behavioral measures, the uptake of 36C1- by isolated brain ...

See also Alcohol Documents Benzodiazepines Documents

Submitted by babymakesbeats

29-06-2009
587.24 Kbytes Hits 15

Do Zopiclone, Zolpidem and Flunitrazepam Have Residual Effects on Simulated Task of Collision Anticipation? (2003)

J Psychopharmacol. 2003 Sep;17(3):324-31

Berthelon C, Bocca ML, Denise P, Pottier A.

Few studies have addressed the modifications in visual information processing brought about by taking hypnotic substances. The present experiment with healthy subjects investigated the residual effects of...

Submitted by Jatelka

17-01-2008
190.71 Kbytes Hits 25
Keywords: zopiclone zolpidem flunitrazepam

Drugs for sleep disorders: mechanisms and therapeutic prospects (2006)

British Journal of Pharmacology 2006 Jun;61(6):761-6

Szabadi E

The past decade has witnessed an explosion of knowledge about the neural mechanisms that control sleep and arousal, triggered by two discoveries relating to the sleep disorder narcolepsy. Narcolepsy is caused by the loss of...

Submitted by Jatelka

12-03-2009
107.77 Kbytes Hits 25

Early preclinical studies of discriminable sedative and hallucinogenic drug effects

Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2008 Aug 20. [Epub ahead of print]

Barry H 3rd, Appel JB.

RATIONALE: One important technique in behavioral pharmacology is to train laboratory animals to discriminate between a psychoactive drug effect and a nondrug condition. Tests with different drugs have...

See also Hallucinogens in general Documents

Submitted by ThirdEyeFloond

07-09-2008
171.66 Kbytes Hits 50

Effects of gabapentin and pregabalin on K+-evoked 3H-GABA and 3H-glutamate release from human neocortical synaptosomes.

Brawek B, Löffler M, Weyerbrock A, Feuerstein TJ.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2009 Apr;379(4):361-9. Epub 2008 Nov 11.

One site of action of the anticonvulsant, analgesic, and anxiolytic drugs gabapentin and pregabalin is the alpha(2)delta-subunit of voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) channels...

Submitted by Paracelsus

01-09-2009
243.24 Kbytes Hits 0

Effects of Zolpidem 10mg, Zopiclone 7.5mg and Flunitrazepam 1mg on Night Time Motor Activity (2002)

Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2003 Mar;13(2):111-5

Denise P, Bocca ML

The effects of a single dose of zolpidem (10 mg), zopiclone (7.5 mg) and flunitrazepam (1 mg) on motor activity the following 3 nights were compared to those of a placebo in a double-blind, crossover study. Thirty-three...

Submitted by Jatelka

12-01-2007
173.28 Kbytes Hits 38
Keywords: flunitrazepam zopiclone zolpidem

Efficacy and Tolerability of Indiplon in Transient Insomnia (2007)

J Clin Sleep Med. 2007 Jun 15;3(4):374-9.

Rosenberg R, Roth T, Scharf MB, Lankford DA, Farber R.

OBJECTIVE: The efficacy of indiplon was evaluated by polysomnography (PSG) in an experimental model of transient insomnia consisting of the first night effect combined with a 2-hour phase...

Submitted by Jatelka

13-01-2007
112.50 Kbytes Hits 33
Keywords: indiplon

Enantiomerically pure synthesis of beta-substituted gamma-butyrolactones: a key intermediate to concise synthesis of pregabalin.

Chiral β-substituted γ-butyrolactones are known to be important intermediates for many biologically active compounds such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) derivatives and lignans. We have developed a general, convenient, and scalable synthetic method for enantiomerically pure β-substituted...

Submitted by staples

31-08-2009
123.25 Kbytes Hits 2
Keywords: lyrica pregabalin

Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of ramelteon in subjects with chronic insomnia (2007)

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 2007 Aug 15;3(5):495-504

Zammit G, Erman M, Wang-Weigand S, Sainati S, Zhang J, Roth T.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate efficacy and safety of ramelteon (MT1/MT2-receptor [corrected] agonist) in subjects with chronic primary insomnia. METHODS: Randomized,...

Submitted by Jatelka

29-10-2008
361.20 Kbytes Hits 11

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